Water Viscosity Calculator

An online water viscosity calculator helps you determine the viscosity, density, dynamic viscosity, and kinematic viscosity of water at any given temperature. Using the calculator, you can view water’s kinematic and dynamic viscosity from the provided charts. Additionally, it explains how temperature affects water’s viscosity and how to calculate it at standard conditions like room temperature.

What is the Viscosity of Water?

In physics, the viscosity of water refers to its resistance to flow. Viscosity is a physical property that indicates the “thickness” or internal friction of a fluid such as water. At the molecular level, it results from interactions between water molecules. Viscosity is typically measured in Pascal-seconds (Pa·s) or Newton-seconds per meter squared. It is important to note that water’s viscosity decreases as temperature rises, and increases as temperature drops. Water is commonly used as a reference for other liquids because different fluids have characteristic viscosity and density values, which can be low or high depending on the substance.

Viscosity Formula:

The viscosity of water can be calculated using the formula below:

η = \frac{2 g a^2 (∆ρ)}{v}

Where,

η = viscosity of water

v = velocity of the sphere

g = acceleration due to gravity

a = radius of the sphere

Additionally, an online Density Calculator can be used to find the density of any element, which is its mass per unit volume.

Example:

Calculate the viscosity of water at 20 °C.

Solution:

The dynamic viscosity calculator gives the following values for water at 20 °C:

Dynamic viscosity = η = 1.0016 mPa·s

Kinematic viscosity = ν = 1.0034 mm²/s

Density = 0.9982 g/cm³;

The Viscosity of Water at Different Temperatures:

Temperature [°C]	Viscosity [mPa·s]
10	1.308
20	1.002
30	0.7978
40	0.6531
50	0.5471
60	0.4658
70	0.4044
80	0.3550
90	0.3150
100	0.2822

Kinematic and Dynamic Viscosity of Water in SI Units:

Temperature - t - (°C)	Dynamic Viscosity - µ - (N s/m2) x 10-3	Kinematic Viscosity -ν - (m2/s) x 10-6
0	1.787	1.787
5	1.519	1.519
10	1.307	1.307
20	1.002	1.004
30	0.798	0.801
40	0.653	0.658
50	0.547	0.553
60	0.467	0.475
70	0.404	0.413
80	0.355	0.365
90	0.315	0.326
100	0.282	0.294

Why should I Measure the Viscosity?

Measuring the viscosity of materials allows manufacturers and engineers to predict how a substance will behave in practical applications. For example, if toothpaste has an incorrect viscosity, it may be hard to squeeze from the tube. Knowing the precise viscosity of a material helps in designing transport, production, and processing systems more efficiently.

An online Specific Heat Calculator can also be used to determine the heat energy, specific heat, mass of a substance, and its initial and final temperatures.

Types of Viscosity:

Viscosity reflects the internal friction between molecules of a fluid in motion. There are two primary types of viscosity measurements:

Kinematic Viscosity
Dynamic Viscosity

Kinematic Viscosity:

Kinematic viscosity measures a fluid’s resistance to flow under the influence of gravity. A kinematic viscosity calculator finds this by calculating the time (in seconds) it takes for a fixed volume of liquid to flow through a capillary tube over a known distance at a specified temperature.

Dynamic Viscosity:

Dynamic viscosity, also called absolute viscosity, is the tangential force per unit area needed to move a fluid in the horizontal plane. It represents the fluid’s resistance to shear stress.

Different Techniques and Tools to Measure Viscosity:

Viscosity measurement dates back to the 1800s with capillary tube methods. Today, a variety of tools and techniques provide precise measurements:

Capillary Viscometer
Zahn Cup
Falling Sphere Viscometer
Vibrational Viscometer
Rotational Viscometer

What is the Weight and Density of Water at Known Temperature?

Temperature	Density	Weight
°F	grams/cm3	pounds/ft3	kilograms/liter
32°	0.99987	62.416	0.999808
39.2°	1.00000	62.424	0.999937
40°	0.99999	62.423	0.999921
50°	0.99975	62.408	0.999681
60°	0.99907	62.366	0.999007
70°	0.99802	62.300	0.997950
80°	0.99669	62.217	0.996621
90°	0.99510	62.118	0.995035
100°	0.99318	61.998	0.993112

Newton’s Law of Viscosity:

According to Newton’s law of viscosity, the shear stress between adjacent layers of a fluid is directly proportional to the velocity gradient between those layers.

Newton’s Law of Viscosity = τ = η du / dy

Where,

η = Viscosity

τ = Shear Stress

du / dy = Rate of Shear Deformation

Newtonian Fluid:

A Newtonian fluid is a liquid whose viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate (du/dy). Fluids that obey Newton’s law of viscosity are classified as Newtonian fluids.

Non-Newtonian Fluid:

A Non-Newtonian fluid is a liquid whose viscosity changes with the shear rate (du/dy). These fluids do not follow Newton’s law of viscosity and can behave differently under stress.

How to Use Water Viscosity Calculator?

An online water viscosity calculator can determine the viscosity of water at temperatures up to 300°C or higher by following these simple steps:

Input:

Enter the temperature of water.
Select the temperature unit (°C or °F) for the calculation.
Click the “Calculate Viscosity” button.

Output:

The calculator provides the density, dynamic viscosity, and kinematic viscosity of water at the entered temperature, along with a water viscosity vs. temperature chart.

FAQs:

Is viscosity directly proportional to density?

There is no direct proportionality between density and viscosity, although both properties are influenced by temperature changes.

What is the thinnest fluid in the world?

Graphene is considered one of the thinnest fluids. It has unique electrical conductivity and interacts with water in distinctive ways.

Is viscosity dependent on pressure?

Viscosity is generally independent of pressure, but under extreme pressure, some liquids may experience an increase in viscosity.

Is water basic or acidic?

Water is neutral, with a pH of 7, meaning it is neither acidic nor basic.

What is the viscosity of water at 25 Celsius?

The viscosity of water at 25°C is approximately 1 × 10^-3 Pascal-second (Pa·s) or 0.01 Poise.

What is the kinematic viscosity of water at 22°C?

The kinematic viscosity of water (ν) at 22°C is 0.9565 mm²/s.

What are the three states of water?

Water boils at 100°C, turning into the gaseous state (steam).
Water freezes at 0°C, forming solid ice.
Between 0°C and 100°C, water remains in the liquid state.

Why is water a universal solvent?

Water is called a universal solvent because it can dissolve a wide variety of substances, including salts, sugars, acids, bases, and gases.

Conclusion:

Use the water viscosity calculator to determine water’s viscosity and density at different temperatures. You can also refer to the water viscosity vs. temperature chart or table to understand how temperature influences water’s viscosity.

Reference:

Wikipedia: Viscosity, Kinematic viscosity, Momentum transport, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, Molecular origins, Chapman–Enskog theory.

Physics Info: Factors affecting viscosity, motor oil, low-temperature specifications, high-temperature specifications, capillary viscometer, falling sphere.

Science Direct: Dynamic viscosity, Oil characteristics, Kinematic viscosity, viscous force, inertial force, dynamic viscosity for liquid fuels, kinematic viscosity for gas turbine liquid fuels.