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Law of Cosines Calculator

Select the parameter you wish to calculate and enter the required ones in the respective fields. The tool will use the law of cosine to determine the results instantly.

milimeters (mm)

centimeters (cm)

meters (m)

kilometers (km)

decimetre (dm)

inches (in)

feets (ft)

yards (yd)

miles (mi)

nautical mile (nmi)

milimeters (mm)

centimeters (cm)

meters (m)

kilometers (km)

decimetre (dm)

inches (in)

feets (ft)

yards (yd)

miles (mi)

nautical mile (nmi)

milimeters (mm)

centimeters (cm)

meters (m)

kilometers (km)

decimetre (dm)

inches (in)

feets (ft)

yards (yd)

miles (mi)

nautical mile (nmi)

degrees (deg)

radians (rad)

gradians (gon)

(tr)

arcminute (arcmin)

Arc Second (arcsec)

milliradians (mrad)

microradians (μrad)

* π rad (pirad)

degrees (deg)

radians (rad)

gradians (gon)

(tr)

arcminute (arcmin)

Arc Second (arcsec)

milliradians (mrad)

microradians (μrad)

* π rad (pirad)

degrees (deg)

radians (rad)

gradians (gon)

(tr)

arcminute (arcmin)

Arc Second (arcsec)

milliradians (mrad)

microradians (μrad)

* π rad (pirad)

\( A = \cos^{-1} \left[ \dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc} \right] \)

\( B = \cos^{-1} \left[ \dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac} \right] \)

\( C = \cos^{-1} \left[ \dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab} \right] \)

\( a = \sqrt{b^2 + c^2 - 2bc \cos A } \)

\( b = \sqrt{a^2 + c^2 - 2ac \cos B } \)

\( c = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2 - 2ab \cos C } \)

Law of Cosines
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Laplace Transform Calculator

Use this Laplace transform calculator to find the Laplace transformation of a function f(t) or an ordinary differential equation (ODE). The calculator applies relevant formulas and integral operations to provide accurate results with detailed steps.

What Is Laplace Transform?

Laplace transform is a mathematical technique that converts a time-domain function f(t) into a function of a complex variable s. It is widely used in physics, engineering, and control theory to solve ODEs.

Mathematically:

F(s) = ∫₀^∞ f(t) e^{-st} dt

Where:

  • f(t) = time-domain function defined for t ≥ 0
  • s = complex variable (s = a + bi, with a real and b imaginary)
  • ∫₀^∞ = improper integral over [0, ∞)
  • F(s) = function in the frequency domain

How To Find Laplace Transform of a Function?

1. Using Laplace Formula

F(s) = ∫₀^∞ f(t) e^{-st} dt

Example:

Given: f(t) = 6e^{-5t} + e^{3t} + 5t³ - 9

Step 1: Apply the Laplace formula

F(s) = ∫₀^∞ (6e^{-5t} + e^{3t} + 5t³ - 9) e^{-st} dt

Step 2: Solve each term individually

  1. 6e^{-5t}: ∫₀^∞ 6e^{-5t} e^{-st} dt = 6 / (s + 5)
  2. e^{3t}: ∫₀^∞ e^{3t} e^{-st} dt = 1 / (s - 3)
  3. 5t³: ∫₀^∞ 5t³ e^{-st} dt = 5·3! / s⁴ = 30 / s⁴
  4. -9: ∫₀^∞ -9 e^{-st} dt = 9 / s

Step 3: Combine all terms

F(s) = 6 / (s + 5) + 1 / (s - 3) + 30 / s⁴ + 9 / s

To convert back to the time domain, use the Inverse Laplace Transform Calculator.

2. Using Laplace Transform Calculator

  • Enter the function f(t) in the input field
  • Click Calculate
  • Obtain the frequency-domain function F(s)

Laplace Transform Table

Common Laplace transforms:

Function Time-domain f(t) Laplace Transform F(s)
Constant 1 1/s
Linear t 1/s²
Power tⁿ n!/s^(n+1)
Exponent e^(at) 1/(s-a)
Sine sin(at) a / (s² + a²)
Cosine cos(at) s / (s² + a²)
Hyperbolic sine sinh(at) a / (s² - a²)
Hyperbolic cosine cosh(at) s / (s² - a²)
Growing sine t sin(at) 2as / (s² + a²)²
Growing cosine t cos(at) (s² - a²) / (s² + a²)²
Decaying sine e^(-at) sin(ωt) ω / ((s+a)² + ω²)
Decaying cosine e^(-at) cos(ωt) (s+a) / ((s+a)² + ω²)
Delta function δ(t) 1
Delayed delta δ(t-a) e^(-as)

Properties of Laplace Transform

Property Equation
Linearity L{f(t) + g(t)} = F(s) + G(s)
Time Delay L{f(t-td)} = e^(-s td) F(s)
First Derivative L{f'(t)} = s F(s) - f(0-)
Second Derivative L{f''(t)} = s² F(s) - s f(0-) - f'(0-)
Nth Derivative L{f^(n)(t)} = s^n F(s) - s^(n-1) f(0-) - ... - f^(n-1)(0-)
Integration L{∫f(t) dt} = 1/s F(s)
Convolution L{f(t) * g(t)} = F(s) G(s)
Initial Value Theorem lim(s→∞) s F(s) = f(0-)
Final Value Theorem lim(s→0) s F(s) = f(∞)

Applications

  1. Convert time-domain signals into frequency-domain signals for control system design
  2. Verify solutions for complex Laplace transform problems
  3. Simplify partial differential equations in discrete calculus
  4. Derive moment-generating functions in probability and statistics
  5. Analyze the behavior and stability of electrical circuits

FAQs

What is the difference between Fourier and Laplace Transform?

Laplace Transform converts a time-domain signal into a complex frequency-domain signal. Fourier Transform converts it into the 'jw' complex plane, a special case of Laplace Transform when the real part is zero.

Can the Laplace Transform equal 0?

Yes. If f(t) = 0, then F(s) = 0, following the linearity property of the Laplace Transform.

References

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